What is a starter solenoid valve and how to use a multimeter to test the starter solenoid valve

What is a starter solenoid valve and how to use a multimeter to test the starter solenoid valve
Post Date:2024-10-20,
solenoid valve

What is a starter solenoid valve?


The starter solenoid valve is an important component in the car starting system, usually used in conjunction with the starter motor. Its main function is to turn on the power of the starter when the driver turns the key or presses the start button, so that the starter can drive the engine to run and start the engine.

How does the starter solenoid valve work?

The working principle of the starter solenoid valve can be divided into the following steps:

Received signal:


When the driver turns the key or presses the start button, the vehicle's ignition switch sends an electrical signal to the solenoid valve.


Electromagnetic attraction:


There is an electromagnetic coil inside the solenoid valve. When receiving an electrical signal, the electromagnetic coil is energized and generates a magnetic field.


The magnetic field generated by the electromagnet will cause a movable iron core (Plumer) to move.

Connect the circuit:


When the iron core moves, it pushes a small gear (Pinion Gear) to mesh with the ring gear on the engine flywheel.


At the same time, the iron core will also close the main contacts, connecting the power circuit of the starter.

Startup machine operation:


Once the main contactor is closed, the starter will receive power and start rotating.


The starter transmits power to the engine flywheel through a small gear, causing the engine to start rotating.

Disconnect the circuit:


After the engine is started, the driver releases the key or start button, the electromagnetic coil loses power, and the magnetic field disappears.


The iron core is reset under the action of the spring, the small gear is separated from the flywheel, the main contactor is disconnected, and the starter stops working.

Main components of starter solenoid valve

Electromagnetic coil:


Used to generate a magnetic field and control the movement of the iron core.

Iron core:


Under the action of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil, it moves, pushing the small gear and closing the main contactor.

Pinion:


Mesh with the ring gear on the engine flywheel to transmit power to the starter motor.

Main contactor:


Connect the power circuit of the starter when closed, and cut off the power when disconnected.

Shell:


Protect internal components and provide installation interfaces.

Application of starter solenoid valve

Starter solenoid valves are widely used in:

  • Car starting system: During the car starting process, the fuel flow is controlled to ensure a smooth engine start.

  • Motorcycles and other light vehicles: used to improve starting efficiency and response speed.

  • Industrial equipment: In heavy machinery and equipment, starter solenoid valves ensure the supply of fluid or gas required for start-up.

  • Aerospace: Used in some aircraft to control the start-up of fuel systems.

Choose the appropriate starter solenoid valve

When selecting a suitable starter solenoid valve, the following factors should be considered:

  • Power supply voltage: Ensure that the rated voltage of the selected solenoid valve matches the power system of the car or equipment, with common voltages being 12V or 24V.

  • Fluid type: Confirm that the valve is suitable for a specific type of fuel or gas.

  • Flow requirements: Select appropriate flow and pressure parameters based on the engine's needs.

  • Environmental conditions: Consider factors such as temperature, humidity, and vibration in the working environment to ensure that the solenoid valve can operate normally under these conditions.

Common problems and solutions of starter solenoid valve

Difficulty or inability to start:


Reason: Electromagnetic valve malfunction, coil burnout, iron core jamming, connection line malfunction, etc.


resolvent:

  1. Check the appearance of the solenoid valve for damage or corrosion.
  2. Use a multimeter to check the resistance value of the solenoid valve coil, which should be within a certain range under normal circumstances (refer to the maintenance manual for specific values).
  3. Check if the connecting wires are intact and ensure that there are no breaks or poor contacts.
  4. If the coil burns out or the iron core gets stuck, a new solenoid valve needs to be replaced.

There is a clicking sound when starting but it does not start:


Reason: The solenoid valve coil was energized but the iron core failed to move, resulting in the main contactor not closing.


resolvent:

  1. Check if the solenoid valve coil is energized and use a multimeter to measure the voltage.
  2. Check if the iron core is stuck or worn, and replace it with a new solenoid valve if necessary.
  3. Check if the starter is working properly and rule out other possible issues.

There is a spark when starting but it does not start:


Reason: Poor closure of the main contactor resulted in unstable current.


resolvent:

  1. Check if the main contactor is worn or burned, and replace the solenoid valve if necessary.
  2. Check if the power circuit of the starter is intact and ensure that there are no short circuits or open circuits.

The solenoid valve does not reset after startup:


Reason: The iron core is stuck or the spring is malfunctioning.


resolvent:

  1. Check if the iron core is stuck, clean or lubricate the iron core.
  2. Check if the spring is malfunctioning and replace it with a new solenoid valve if necessary.

What is a starting solenoid valve?

Start solenoid valve is a device that controls the flow of fluid or gas through electromagnetic force, usually used in automation systems to achieve rapid on/off control of fluid flow.


How does the solenoid valve work?

When current passes through an electromagnetic coil, a magnetic field is generated, attracting the valve core and opening or closing the valve, thereby controlling the flow of fluid or gas. When closed, the spring will reset the valve core and stop the flow.

What are the main applications of solenoid valves?

Electromagnetic valves are widely used in automation equipment, industrial control systems, irrigation systems, HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems, automobiles, medical equipment, and other fields.

How to choose the appropriate solenoid valve?

When choosing, the fluid type (gas or liquid), working pressure, working temperature, connection method (such as thread or flange), power source type (such as DC or AC), and flow requirements should be considered.

What are the types of solenoid valves?

Common types of solenoid valves include direct acting solenoid valves, pilot operated solenoid valves, two position two-way and three position two-way solenoid valves. Each type is suitable for different working conditions and application scenarios.

What is the rated voltage of the solenoid valve?

The rated voltage of solenoid valves is usually 24V, 120V, or 240V AC/DC. When selecting, ensure that the voltage matches the power supply system to ensure normal operation.

What are the precautions for maintenance and upkeep of solenoid valves?

Regularly check the connection, sealing, and cleaning of the solenoid valve to ensure there are no leaks or accumulation of dirt. At the same time, check the functionality of the power cord and control system to ensure the reliability of the solenoid valve.

What is the response time of the solenoid valve?

The response time of solenoid valves usually ranges from a few milliseconds to a few seconds, depending on the design, type, and fluid characteristics of the valve.

How to troubleshoot solenoid valve faults?

Common faults include inability to open or close, water leakage, etc. The power supply, voltage, valve body, and connecting pipelines should be checked. If the problem persists, it may be necessary to replace the solenoid valve.

Can solenoid valves work in high temperature environments?

Some solenoid valves are designed for high-temperature environments, but not all models are suitable. When making a selection, it is important to consult the product specifications to ensure that they meet the operating temperature requirements.

Maintenance and upkeep of starter solenoid valve

To ensure the long-term reliable operation of the starter solenoid valve, it is recommended to regularly perform the following maintenance and upkeep:

Cleaning:


  • Regularly clean the exterior of the solenoid valve to remove dust and dirt.

  • Check if the connection terminals are corroded, clean and apply rust inhibitor if necessary.

Check the connection line:


  • Check the connection lines between the solenoid valve, battery, and starter motor to ensure no breakage, wear, or poor contact.

Testing:


  • Regularly test the function of the solenoid valve to ensure that it can be properly engaged and reset.

  • Measure the resistance value of the solenoid valve coil with a multimeter to ensure that it is within the normal range.

Summary

The starter solenoid valve plays a crucial role in the starting system of automobiles and other mechanical equipment. Understanding its working principle, application scenarios, and maintenance points can help users better select and use solenoid valves, ensuring the efficient and reliable operation of the equipment. Whether in automobiles, motorcycles, or industrial equipment, starter solenoid valves provide strong support for the starting process due to their important functions.


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